Tranquil Echoes Amidst Time’s Dance

Tranquil Echoes Amidst Time’s Dance

Delivery: 3 HOURS & ABOVE	Writer Classification: PHD-PROFICIENT
Formatting Style: APA/HARVARD/MLA	Plagiarism Grading: 0-0.3%	Quality Standard: 99.999%
Sources: 3-7	Course Level: UNIVERSITY/COLLEGE	Revision Request: ALLOWED

Instructions: 

Tranquil Echoes Amidst Time’s Dance

Provide a response that continue discussion and provide more insight on topic. APA Format required and provide a doctoral student response. Must be at least 200 words per response.

1st. Post: I can use statistics, precisely central tendencies, in multiple job areas. Clinical researchers used those concepts to identify typical laboratory values. For example, to determine average hemoglobin values in males and females, researchers collected thousands of blood samples from healthy subjects and then determined which values were typical.

I need to know how to interpret central tendencies in clinical research articles. For example, a research article could provide a median age for developing the disease and age ranges (Suljic, 2021). Knowing that information helps target specific age groups to prevent and treat certain conditions.

In addition, as a leader, I can use those statistics for service planning, resource allocation, and bed utilization (Singh, 2022). Hospitals could compare heart attack modes over the years to evaluate treatment effectiveness. The average hospital stay (how many days) helps determine the necessary equipment and resources. The median of the entire population can be used to determine the age to offer vaccines. Hospitals could use measures of central tendencies for quality improvement by analyzing customer behaviors, results of interventions, and purchase patterns. Central tendency measures could be used to compare patient satisfaction across hospital units. Central tendency measures could be used to create benchmarks and desired outcomes.

2nd Post: Tests could be administered for various reasons and scored in multiple ways. Standardized tests are administered, scored, and interpreted in a standardized manner (Mertler, 2007). Standardized test score classification is based on their purpose (achievement, diagnostic, aptitude, and state-mandated) or the type of scores (criterion-references or norm-referenced).   Figure 1 shows the scoring classification for both types of tests.

Figure 1

Scoring of Criterion-Based and Norm-Based Standardized Tests

A diagram of a testDescription automatically generated with medium confidence

Note. Reprinted from “Interpreting Standardized Test Scores: Strategies for Data-Driven

Instructional Decision Making ,” by C. A. Mertler, 2007, SAGE. Copyright 2007 by SAGE.

Criterion-based scores compare students’ scores to some pre-established criteria. The scores are always reported as “raw,” and they only depend on the student’s performance without any relationship to the performance of other students. On the other hand, norm-referenced scores compare student’s performance to the performance of other students who already took the test (the norm group). Norm-referenced scoring is more rigorous and based on national norms, which must be representative and current. Norm-referenced test results often fit in a normal distribution curve.

 

In criterion-based scoring, educators could use two grading approaches: pass/fail or discretionary grading (Melrose, 2017). Pass/fail or satisfactory/unsatisfactory approach evaluates overall understanding and competence. For example, to pass the national nursing NCLEX exam, nursing students must score 80% or above. In the second approach, called discretionary grading, students get grades with assigned letters from F- to A+ or numerical values from 0% to 100%.

 

Melrose (2017) noted that pass/fail grading stimulates intrinsic motivation and self-direction but does not recognize student performance differences. Discretionary grading increases extrinsic motivation and self-improvement but also could promote unhealthy competition.

 

Norm-references test scores include percentile ranks, linear standard scores (T-scores and z-scores), normalized standard scores (such as stanines), and developmental and growth scales (such as grade-equivalent and age-equivalent scores) ) (Mertler, 2007). Percentile ranks indicate how well a student does compared to other students who also took the test (Salkind, 2008). The score of 87% indicates that the student performed better than 87% of other students from the same his/her norm group.

 

Linear standard scores are obtained by converting raw scores into standard form (Brock, n.d). Z-scores are obtained by converting raw scores using the sample’s mean and standard deviation. Z-scores have a mean of 0 and a standard deviation 1 (See Figure 2). The score one standard deviation below the mean will have a minus sign (-1). Z-scores are often converted into another type of score because the minus sign could be easily forgotten or omitted. T-scores have a mean of 50 and a standard deviation 10 (See Figure 2). The formula for converting T-scores into z-scores is T = 100 + 15(z). If a variable is normally distributed, two-thirds of the population would have T-scores between 40 and 60.

Tranquil Echoes Amidst Time’s Dance

RUBRIC

	ORGANIZATION	FOLLOWING OF INSTRUCTIONS	NEATNESS AND OTHERS
EXCELLENT 75-100%	An essay categorized as excellent demonstrated a profound mastery of the subject matter, coupled with an exceptional ability to organize thoughts coherently. This work showcased a sophisticated understanding of the topic, presenting nuanced arguments with clarity and precision. The structure was impeccable, with a well-defined introduction, body, and conclusion. Critical analysis was evident throughout, reflecting a deep engagement with relevant literature. The essay not only met but exceeded the expected standards, demonstrating a high level of scholarship and intellectual rigor.	An essay categorized as excellent in terms of following instructions demonstrates an exemplary adherence to guidelines. The writer meticulously follows each directive, showcasing a keen attention to detail and a comprehensive understanding of the assignment’s requirements. From formatting to specific content criteria, every instruction is not only met but exceeded, reflecting a dedication to precision. Such essays not only fulfill the given parameters but also exhibit a level of thoroughness that goes beyond expectations.	In the classification of “Neatness and Others,” top-tier works exhibit exceptional attention to detail and precision in presentation. These essays are immaculately organized, with a visually appealing layout and a meticulous approach to formatting. Neatness extends to language usage, where clarity and conciseness prevail. Citations and references are flawlessly integrated, showcasing a commitment to academic integrity. These essays go beyond the surface, incorporating additional elements like illustrative visuals or supplementary materials, enhancing the overall quality of presentation.
AVERAGE 40-74%	In the realm of an average essay, a moderate proficiency in the subject matter was observed. While the writer demonstrated a basic understanding of the topic, there were occasional lapses in organization and coherence. Arguments and analysis were presented, but there was room for improvement in terms of depth and clarity. The structure was adequate but lacked the refinement seen in higher-quality essays. Overall, the essay met the basic requirements but fell short of achieving a more polished and insightful presentation.	In the realm of an average essay regarding following instructions, there is a moderate adherence to guidelines. While the writer generally complies with the given instructions, there may be occasional deviations or oversights. The essay meets the basic requirements but lacks the meticulous attention to detail seen in higher-quality submissions. Despite a reasonable attempt to follow instructions, there is room for improvement in terms of ensuring a more precise alignment with the provided guidelines.	Essays falling into the average category regarding “Neatness and Others” demonstrate a moderate level of attention to detail. The organization is generally tidy, but there may be occasional lapses in formatting or presentation. Language usage is adequate, although there is room for improvement in terms of clarity and conciseness. Citations and references are appropriately included, but not with the finesse seen in higher-quality works. While meeting basic standards, these essays lack the polish and meticulousness associated with top-tier neatness.
GOOD QUALITY 0-39%	An essay categorized as good quality displayed a solid understanding of the subject matter. The writer effectively communicated their ideas, presenting a coherent and well-organized piece of work. While not reaching the level of excellence, this essay exhibited a commendable effort in critical analysis and argumentation. The structure was generally sound, with a clear introduction, development of ideas in the body, and a reasonable conclusion. With minor enhancements in depth and refinement, this essay had the potential to elevate to a higher quality.	An essay categorized as good quality in following instructions displays a solid effort in adhering to guidelines. The writer demonstrates a satisfactory understanding of the given instructions, with overall compliance. While there may be some minor lapses, the essay generally meets the specified criteria. With a bit more attention to detail and precision in following instructions, these essays have the potential to elevate to a higher quality in terms of adherence to guidelines.	In the realm of “Good Quality” for Neatness and Others, essays display a solid effort in organization and presentation. The layout is generally tidy, with a clear structure and acceptable formatting. Language usage is effective, though some areas may benefit from increased clarity. Citations and references are included appropriately, though not with the precision seen in top-tier works. With minor refinements in organization and attention to detail, these essays have the potential to enhance their overall neatness and move towards a higher quality classification.

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