ESSAY- History Question Final Assignment
The United States’ decision to declare war on Germany in 1917 was not
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Get Help Now!made lightly. A variety of factors were involved. While many citizens
supported the declaration of war, there were many that stood
opposed. These primary sources represent arguments made by both
sides of the issue as the nation wrestled with a decision that would
forever change the United States’ role in global affairs.
Instructions: Using the provided documents, you will use the skills
you’ve practiced in analyzing sources to answer the writing prompt
below. Your response should include details from the provided
sources. There are many sources, you must use a minimum of 5 of
them in your response. Using a source requires a quote or reference by
its name or document number. For example, you can put in a quote
from the document followed by (Document 2), or say “In document 5,
the author….”.
Writing prompt: Why did the United States enter World War I? Explain
the interventionist arguments and how Americans reacted. Why did
some Americans oppose American military involvement?
Sources
You may view the documents below or with this PDF for easier access.
You may also view the Rubric for this final in the PDF.
Document 1: Excerpt from Why America Fights Germany (1918), a
government propaganda pamphlet concerning alleged German
atrocities.
“We were horrified still more by their conduct in Belgium—by their
needless destruction of precious things, by their vile and filthy
treatment of the Belgians, by their robberies, by their numberless
murders. A German soldier fell off his bicycle and his gun went off; he
declared he had been shot at, and all the inhabitants of the village
were burned to death in their homes. Feeble old Belgian priests were
forced to walk in front of the marching German armies as screens, so
that if the Belgians fired they might kill the priests first. Babies were
stabbed with bayonets. Belgians were carried off into Germany and
forced to work for the German armies. … Whole books have been
written about these horrors, against all law and humanity, and yet half
of them have not been recorded.”
Document 2: Excerpt from Joe’s War: Memoirs of a Doughboy by
Joseph N. Rizzi.
https://324570643e5d3438b803-d627d9815b1e0e2794742db65d70a0e5.ssl.cf1.rackcdn.com/611d3e14483aa.pdf
“When we did meet she [Rizzi’s girlfriend] would show me
[news]papers carrying cruelties committed by the Huns. She called me
a coward and said that I was ungrateful by not serving for our country.
She tormented me with the fact that she would never marry me
unless I entered the army. I tried to reason with her and point out that
some of the acts were being exaggerated to incite people against the
Germans. If acts WERE committed they were by some individual and a
whole nation could not be condemned. I tried to show her that the
atrocities related by the papers were being committed by criminals in
civilian life; therefore, some unruly Germans were perpetuating those
acts, and false propaganda also was being issued. But still she refused
to listen to me and remained deaf to any of my phone calls and would
not answer my letters.”
Document 3: Excerpt from How the War Came to America (1917), a
government propaganda pamphlet.
“On the eve of the present conflict, our position toward other nations
might have been summarized under three heads:
I. The Monroe Doctrine.—We had pledged ourselves to defend the
New World from European aggression, and we had by word and deed
made it clear that we would not intervene in any European dispute.
II. The freedom of the seas.—In every naval conference our influence
had been given in support of the principle that sea law to be just and
worthy of general respect must be based on the consent of the
governed.
ESSAY- History Question Final Assignment
III. Arbitration.—As we had secured peace at home by referring
interstate disputes to a federal tribunal, we urged a similar settlement
of international controversies. Our ideal was a permanent world court.
We had made plain to the nations our purpose to forestall by every
means in our power the recurrence of wars in the world.”
Document 4: Liberty Bond poster, 1918.
Document 5: Excerpt from President Wilson’s 2 April, 1917 address
before Congress, calling for war against Germany.
“We are glad, now that we see the facts with no veil of false pretense
about them, to fight thus for the ultimate peace of the world and for
the liberation of its peoples, the German peoples included: for the
rights of nations great and small and the privilege of men everywhere
to choose their way of life and of obedience. The world must be made
safe for democracy. Its peace must be planted upon the tested
foundations of political liberty. We have no selfish ends to serve. We
desire no conquest, no dominion. We seek no indemnities for
ourselves, no material compensation for the sacrifices we shall freely
make. We are but one of the champions of the rights of mankind. We
shall be satisfied when those rights have been made as secure as the
faith and the freedom of nations can make them.”
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